Herpes simplex virus DNA assay

1. Tremblay C, Coutlee F, Weiss J, et al: Evaluation of a non-isotopic polymerase chain reaction assay for detection in clinical specimens of herpes simplex virus type 2 DNA. Clin Diagn Virol 1997; 8:53-62.
2. Malm G, Forsgren M: Neonatal herpes simplex virus infections: HSV DNA in cerebrospinal fluid and serum. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 1999; 81(1):F24-F29.
3. Diamond C, Mohan K, Hobson A, et al: Viremia in neonatal herpes simplex virus infections.. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1999; 18:487-489.
4. Tunkel AR , Glaser CA , Bloch KC , et al: The management of encephalitis: clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 2008; 47(3):303-327.
5. Tyler KL: Herpes simplex virus infections of the central nervous system: encephalitis and meningitis, including Mollaret's. Herpes 2004; 11(Suppl 2):57A-64A.
6. Raschilas F, Wolff M, Delatour F, et al: Outcome of and prognostic factors for herpes simplex encephalitis in adult patients: results of a multicenter study.. Clin Infect Dis 2002; 35:254-260.
7. Lakeman FD, Whitley RJ: Diagnosis of herpes simplex encephalitis: application of polymerase chain reaction to cerebrospinal fluid from brain-biopsied patients and correlation with disease.. J Infect Dis 1995; 171:857-863.
8. Steiner I, Budka H, Chaudhuri A, et al: Viral encephalitis: a review of diagnostic methods and guidelines for management. Eur J Neurol 2005; 12(5):331-343.
9. Dupuis O, Audibert F, Fernandez H, et al: Herpes simplex virus encephalitis in pregnancy.. Obstet Gynecol 1999; 94:810-812.
10. Bergstrom T, Olofsson S, Studahl M, et al: Gene amplification in viral CNS infections: rapid diagnostic identification of herpes viruses.. Lakartidnigen 1995; 92:427-432.
11. Weil AA, Glaser CA, Amad Z, et al: Patients with suspected herpes simplex encephalitis: rethinking an initial negative polymerase chain reaction result.. Clin Infect Dis 2002; 34:1154-1157.
12. Lipkin WI: European consensus on viral encephalitis (commentary).. Lancet 1997; 349:299-300.
13. Simko JP, Caliendo AM, Hogle K, et al: Differences in laboratory findings for cerebrospinal fluid specimens obtained from patients with meningitis or encephalitis due to herpes simplex virus (HSV) documented by detection of HSV DNA. Clin Infect Dis 2002; 35(4):414-419.
14. Calvario A, Bozzi A, Scarasciulli M, et al: Herpes Consensus PCR test: a useful diagnostic approach to the screening of viral diseases of the central nervous system.. J Clin Virol 2002; 25 Suppl:71-78.
15. Debiasi RL, Kleinschmidt-DeMasters BK, Weinberg A, et al: Use of PCR for the diagnosis of herpesvirus infections of the central nervous system. J Clin Virol 2002; 25(Suppl 1):S5-11.
16. Espy MJ, Rys PN, Wold AD, et al: Detection of herpes simplex virus DNA in genital and dermal specimens by LightCycler PCR after extraction using the IsoQuick, MagNA Pure, and BioRobot 9604 methods. J Clin Microbiol 2001; 39(6):2233-2236.
17. Tietz NW (Ed): Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests, 3rd ed. W. B. Saunders, Philadelphia, PA, 1995.
18. Henry JB: Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods, 20th ed. Saunders, 2001.

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• September 25, 2023

• Strength of Recommendation
  • Class I - Recommended
    • The given test or treatment has been proven to be useful, and should be performed or administered.
  • Class IIa - Recommended, In Most Cases
    • The given test, or treatment is generally considered to be useful, and is indicated in most cases.
  • Class IIb - Recommended, In Some Cases
    • The given test, or treatment may be useful, and is indicated in some, but not most, cases.
  • Class III - Not Recommended
    • The given test, or treatment is not useful, and should be avoided.
  • Class Indeterminate - Evidence Inconclusive
• Strength of Evidence
  • Category A
    • Category A evidence is based on data derived from: Meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials with homogeneity with regard to the directions and degrees of results between individual studies. Multiple, well-done randomized clinical trials involving large numbers of patients.
  • Category B
    • Category B evidence is based on data derived from: Meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials with conflicting conclusions with regard to the directions and degrees of results between individual studies. Randomized controlled trials that involved small numbers of patients or had significant methodological flaws (e.g., bias, drop-out rate, flawed analysis, etc.). Nonrandomized studies (e.g., cohort studies, case-control studies, observational studies).
  • Category C
    • Category C evidence is based on data derived from: Expert opinion or consensus, case reports or case series.
  • No Evidence

National Library of Medicine, or "Vancouver style" (International Committee of Medical Journal Editors):

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